Not sure on the express/extreme, but keep in mind speeds. USB FS is 12mbps. USB HS is 480. The airport wireless maxes out at 56mbps. So you are not going to see a huge improvement in print speeds if it did go from FS to HS. Tho I suppose if you are going over ethernet then it would matter.
I was thinking, surely there is a USB peripheral that has a light on it, that shows if it is connected to FS or HS, but I can't think of any offhand. If you had one of those usb crossover cable thingies that might work, but I don't know if you'd see what the speed of the other master was, or the speed of the converter box in the middle. Maybe there is a usb hub that has speed indicator LEDs on it?
I just did some surfing and looked carefully at my express and its packaging, and there is no hint anywhere of what speed it is.
My collary for this case is, "if it doesn't say, it's full speed." (if it were high speed, they'd have bragging rights, and we'd be hearing about it)
The correct method to find out for sure would be to find someone that has ripped one apart and dissected it, he will tell you the chip used for the usb port and from there you can tell what speed it truly is capable of.
The only takitapart I saw on the express is here, and shows the internal layout of the express
http://bounav.free.fr/mods/ae_external_antenna/But the usb stuff is behind that metal plate on the right.